لە ئێستادا جیهان بە دۆخێکی ناهەمووار تێدەپەرێت و ڤایرۆسی کۆرۆنا سەرتاسەری جیهانی گرتووەتەوە. میدیا جیهانییەکان بە ڕووماڵی ڤایرۆسی کۆرۆنا سەرقاڵن. بەردەوام ئامارەکان دەخەنە ڕوو و بەرنامەی تایبەت لەم بارەیەوە پێشکەش دەکەن. لەم نێوەندەدا لە میدیا ئینگلیزییەکان چەندین وشە و دەستەواژە بەکاردەهێندرێن، کە وەکو فێرخوازی ئینگلیزی پێویستە پێیان ئاشنا بیت و بزانیت واتایان چییە. ئێمەش بە پێویستمان زانی گرنگتریەکانەکانیان کۆبکەینەوە و لێرە لەگەڵ ئێوە هاوبەشیان پێ بکەین. کەواتە بفەرموو لەگەڵ ئێمە فێری گرنگترین دەستەواژەکانی پەیوەست بە کۆرۆنا ڤایرۆس ببە.
Virus ڤایرۆس
A virus is an infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts, mainly bacteria, plants, and animals.
Viruses are composed of an RNA or DNA core, a protein coat, and, in more complex types, a surrounding envelope. They are ultramicroscopic, 20 to 300 nanometers (nm) in length. A nanometer is one billionth of a meter. Viruses are also metabolically inert, which is why they only can replicate themselves in cells of living hosts.
Viral توشبوون بەهۆی ڤایرۆسەوە
describing something like, caused by, or relating to a virus or viruses
Coronavirus ڤایرۆسی کۆرۆنا
refers to any of various RNA-containing spherical viruses of the family Coronaviridae, including several that cause acute respiratory illnesses. Notable types of coronavirus are SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. COVID-19 is popularly referred to as (the) coronavirus or corona for short. COVID-19 is referred to as the novel coronavirus because it is a new (novel) virus (i.e., it hasn’t been detected before).
COVID-19 کۆڤید-١٩ ئاماژەیە بۆ کۆرۆنا ڤایرۆسی نوێ
COVID-19 is a highly infectious respiratory disease caused by a new coronavirus. The disease was discovered in China in December 2019 and has since spread around the world. COVID is short for coronavirus disease. The number 19 refers to the fact that the disease was first detected in 2019. The technical name of the virus that causes COVID-19 is severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, abbreviated as SARS-CoV-2.
Covidiot کەسێکە کە ڕێنماییەکانی خۆپارێزی لە ڤایرۆسی کۆرۆنا پشتگوێ دەخات
Someone who ignores the warnings regarding public health or safety.
A person who hoards goods, denying them from their neighbors.
Zoonotic ئاماژەیە بۆ هەر نەخۆشییەک کە لە ئاژەڵەوە دەگوازرێتەوە بۆ مرۆڤ
Zoonotic means “relating to any disease of animals communicable to humans.” The noun form is zoonosis.
The source of COVID-19 is believed to be an animal, which makes it a zoonotic disease.
Carrier کەسی هەڵگر بە ڤایرۆس یان نەخۆشی
a person or animal that transmits a disease to others, whether suffering from it themselves or not - People who are asymptomatic can still be carriers
pandemic پەتایەک کە لەسەر ئاستی جیهان بڵاوبووبێتەوە
the worldwide spread of a new disease that affects large numbers of people.
epidemic پەتایەک کە لەسەر ئاستی نێوخۆیی بڵاوبووبێتەوە
is a temporary prevalence of a disease spreading from person to person in a locality where that disease is not permanently prevalent.
epidemiology بەشێکی پزیشکییە و لە پەتا ردمییەکان دەکۆڵێتەوە
Epidemiology is the branch of medicine dealing with the incidence and prevalence of disease in large populations and with detection of the source and cause of epidemics of infectious disease.
outbreak سەرهەڵدانی لەناکاوی نەخۆشییەک
a sudden occurrence of a disease
PCR test تاقیکردنەوەیەکە بۆ پشکینینی بوونی ڤایرۆس لە خوێندا
test that detects viral particles in blood or other body fluids. (PCR = polymerase chain reaction)
contagious نەخۆشی گوازراوە
describing a disease that can pass from person to person, usually by direct contact; describing a person with such a disease
person-to-person وەسفی نەخۆشییەکە لە کەسێکەوە بۆ کەسێکی تر
describing the spread of a disease from one person to another, typically through touch including shaking hands, kissing, sexual intercourse etc.
diagnose دیاریکردنی نەخۆشی
identify an illness by examining the symptoms
droplets پڕژەی کاتی پژمین و کۆکە
the spray produced when people cough or sneeze, and which can spread diseases like COVID-19
exponential کاتێک ڕێژەی توشبووان بە نەخۆشییەک بە شێوەیەک بەرچاو زیاد دەکات
When a disease, such as COVID-19, spreads exponentially, that generally means the number of cases of infection increase steadily but rapidly.
furlough | ˈfəːləʊ | وەرگرتنی وچان و مۆڵەت و بەجێهێشتنی کار بۆ ماوەیەکی کاتی
A furlough is a usually temporary layoff from work.
During the coronavirus outbreak, many workers were furloughed as businesses conducting non-essential activities were closed. This was done to prevent the spread of the disease by banning large gatherings as a form of social distancing.
immunity بەرگری: واتا پارێزراو لە نەخۆشی
Immunity is the state of being immune from (“protected from a disease”) or insusceptible to a particular disease; the condition that permits either natural or acquired resistance to disease.
Humans don’t currently have immunity to COVID-19
Flattening the curve کاتێک کەمکردنەوەی بڵاوبوونەوەی نەخۆشییەک گرنگترە لە وەستاندنی
The term refers to a curve in a chart that shows when a surge of new coronavirus cases are expected to strike and illustrates why slowing the spread of the infection is nearly as important as stopping it.
State of emergency دۆخی لەناکاو - باری لەناکاو
A state of emergency can be declared during natural disasters, epidemics and other public health emergencies. It gives government officials the authority to take extra measures to protect the public, such as suspending regulations or reallocating funds to mitigate the spread of a disease.
Social distancing دووری کۆمەڵایەتی: واتا دووری نێوان کەسەکان بە مەبەستی کەمکردنەوەی بڵاوبوونەوەی ڤایرۆس
Social distancing refers to measures that are taken to increase the physical space between people to slow the spread of the virus.
isolation خۆجیاکردنەوەی تەواوەتی لە کەسانی تر کە هەڵگری ڤایرۆس و نەخۆشی گوازراوەن
Isolation is the complete separation from others of a person suffering from contagious or infectious disease
Self-isolation خۆ جیاکردنەوەیەکی خودییە و خۆبەخشییە بۆ خۆپاراستن لە توشبوون بە پەتا
is voluntary isolation. Note that everyday people may use self-isolation when they aren’t infected and are social distancing.
quarantine کەرەنتین بە کوردی و کوۆرنتین بە ئینگلیزی: واتا جیاکردنەوەیەکی لە ژێر کۆمەڵێک یاسای توند بۆ ڕێگەگرتن لە بڵاوبوونەوەی نەخۆشی.
is a strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease. In public health, people are placed in quarantine when they are not currently sick, but have been or may have been exposed to a communicable disease. This helps stop the spread of the disease.
Self-quarantine خۆجیاکردنەوەیە بەڵام بەبێ ئەوەی کەس فەرمانی کردبێت و خۆت بڕیاری ئەوەت دابێت
is when someone isn’t ordered to go into quarantine but chooses to do so out of caution; also called voluntary quarantine.
mitigation کۆمەڵێک ڕێگە چارەن کە دەگیرێنە بەر بۆ هێواشکردنەوەی بڵابوونەوەی نەخۆشی.
Disease mitigation are measures taken to slow the spread of infection. Quarantine, isolation, and social distancing are forms of mitigation.
Incubation Period ماوەی دەرکەوتنی نیشانەکانی نەخۆشییەک لە کەسێکدا
The incubation period is the time it takes for symptoms to appear after a person is infected. This time can be critical for prevention and control, and it allows health officials to quarantine or observe people who may have been exposed to the virus
symptom نیشانەی نەخۆشی.
Symptom is a phenomenon that arises from and accompanies a particular disease or disorder and serves as an indication of it.
Major symptoms of COVID-19 include fever, dry cough, fatigue, and difficulty breathing.
symptomatic
showing symptoms of a particular disease
Asymptomatic نەبوونی بەڵگەی بوونی نەخۆشی
Showing no evidence of disease
ventilator ئامێرێکە هاوکاری نەخۆش دەکات بۆ هەناسەدان
A ventilator is a machine that helps a patient breathe. It pumps oxygen into the lungs and removes carbon dioxide through a tube.
Fatality rate ڕێژەی مردن
The case fatality rate is the number of deaths divided by the total number of confirmed cases.
R-naught ژماری خۆ دروستکردنەوەی ڤایرۆسە
The R-naught, or R0, is a virus’s basic reproductive number — an epidemiologic metric used to describe the contagiousness of infectious agents. Research is still in its early stages, but some estimates suggest that each person with the new coronavirus could infect between two and four people
Containment خستنەژێر کۆنتڕۆڵی بڵابوونەوەی ڤایرۆس یان نەخۆشییە بە بەکارهێنانی هەر ئامرازێک
refers to the use of any available tools to mitigate the spread of a disease
CDC کورتکراوەیەکە ئاماژەیە بۆ سێنتەرەکانی کۆنتڕۆڵکردن و ڕێگەگرتن لە نەخۆشی
CDC stands for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Community spread بڵابوونەوەی نەخۆشییەکە کە سەرچاوەکەی نەزاندراوە
spread of a disease where the infection source is unknown.
communicable واتا نەخۆشییەک کە ئاسانی بگوازرێتەوە. بۆ نمونە کۆرۆنا ڤایرۆس.
means “capable of being easily communicated (spread) or transmitted.” COVID-19 is a communicable disease.
mask دەمامک - دەمەوانە - ماسک
a piece of fibre or cloth that fits over the nose and mouth to protect other people from the wearer's germs and/or the wearer from germs in the air
respirator ئامێرێکی هاوشێوەی ماسکە و بۆ هەناسەدانە بۆ ڕێگریکردن لە مادەی زیانبەخش لە کاتی هەناسەدان.
A respirator is a masklike device, usually of gauze, worn over the mouth (or nose and mouth) to prevent the inhalation of noxious substances or the like.
screening چاودێریکردن و پشکنین بۆ کەسێک تا بزانیت نەخۆشی هەیە یان نا
is examining a person to see if they have a disease. This frequently involves taking their temperature, asking about symptoms, and asking about potential exposures to infected people.
shelter in place
لە کاتی بڵاوبوونەوەی ڤایرۆسی کۆرۆنا، ئەم دەستەواژەیە واتا فەرمانکردن بە خەڵک کە لە ماڵەوە بمێینەوە و تەنها لە کاتی زۆر پێویست نەبێت ماڵ بەجێ نەهێڵێن.
During the coronavirus outbreak, shelter in place refers to orders for people to stay at home and not leave unless absolutely necessary. They are put into place to prevent the further spread of the disease and allow health professionals to more effectively treat patients.
Negative کاتێک لە دوای پشکنینی دەردەکەوێت نیشانەی نەخۆشییەکە بوونی نییە
(of a person) not having a specified condition or showing traces of a specified substance in their body
Positive کاتێک لە دوای پشکنینی دەردەکەوێت نیشانەی نەخۆشییەکە بوونی هەیە
(of a person) having a specified condition, or showing traces of a specified substance in their body
ئامادەکردن و کۆکردنەوە: د. صلاح بابکر
وەرگێران و ڕێکخستنی: م. سەردار عبدالله